Diferencia entre revisiones de «Proteómica/Introducción a la Proteómica»

Contenido eliminado Contenido añadido
Línea 35:
== ¿Por qué estudiar Proteómica? ==
 
Aunque el término ''proteómica'' solo ha sido usado desde la mitad de la década de los 90's, la electroforesis en 2-dimensiones, desarrollada en 1975 fue la primera gran herramienta utilizada en este campo. {{ref|molecularbioproteomics}} Desde entonces, varios métodos han sido desarrollados para separar, caracterizar y secuencias proteínas, algunosde los cuales serán descritos mas adelante en este libro.
 
<!-- Studying proteins allows us to determine how proteins affect cell processes and also how cell processes and the environment may affect proteins. Since proteins act as the molecular machinery of a cell, knowing exactly how proteins function and interact allows unprecedented insight into larger systems {{ref|Twyman}}. With the finishing of the sequence of the human genome and other sequencing projects, it has been confirmed that the ratio of genes to proteins is not usually one to one as was previously thought- in humans, a mere 20,000-25,000 estimated genes contain all the genetic information required for the expression, regulation, and modification of all human proteins. In order to determine mechanisms which make this amazing flexibility possible, further study is required of transcriptional, translational, and modification mechanisms, much of which falls under proteomics. This information will be of great use in development of new drugs, clinical applications such as screening, and new types of therapy for disease. By understanding the proteome and its relationship to the DNA genome, it becomes possible to fully understand what happens in individual cells and the larger organs and systems they comprise.
 
A difficulty in proteomics is the time required to isolate, sequence and crystallize a protein. All of these steps are required in order to gain the necessary structure information to fully understand the function of a protein. There is a great deal of research being done on predicting protein fold structure based on protein sequence, as sequence is usually easier to obtain than structure. Much of this work is being done computationally, using proteins with known structure and sequence as a base for the determination of the structure of proteins when only sequence is known. -->
 
== Referencias ==