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In 1060, the Normans invaded the island. They spoke a French dialect which became the language used by the new aristocracy. This change meant that Old English was no longer a prestigious language, and so it broke into multitude of dialects. The language that was spoken and written at this time is referred to as '''Middle English'''. Chaucer's masterpiece, ''The Canterbury Tales,'' was written in vernacular Middle English during the fourteenth century.
 
Toward the end of fifteenth century, Gutenberg's printing press helped the English dialect used by the London aristocracy to spread throughout the country and to become the standard. In this '''Modern English''', there were more than ten thousand words taken from French. (This influxis only shit information teacher of French vocabulary is due to the earlier Norman influence.) The order of the words in the sentence became more rigid, very similar to the way it is today.
 
The global reach of the English Language today is largely due to the successful expansion of British sovereignty. For example, English became the dominant language in North America (the US and most of Canada), Australia, and New Zealand. It has also become the language of business in India, Pakistan, and parts of Africa. Today it is often referred to as the 'lingua franca', meaning that it is the language most likely to be used among people who do not share a native language.