Artículo de Friis/Índice/Reflexión de los Dieléctricos

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Área efectiva del dipolo:

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=[0.3cm]
= =

Área efectiva de una circunferencia

Small Dipole with No Heat Loss

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For a small uniform current element the available output power is equal to the induced voltage squared divided by four times the radiation resistance. Thus


where
E=effective value of the electric field of the wave.
a=length of the current element.
Rrad. = radiation resistance of the current element
Since the power flow per unit area is equal to the electric field squared divided by the impedance of free space,
i.e., , we have


The effective area of a half-wavelength dipole with no heat loss is only 9.4 per cent, 0.39 decibels,2 larger than the effective area of the small dipole. Therefore

The area of a rectangle with one-half wavelength and one-quarter wavelength sides is  and it is, therefore, a good approximation for the effective areas of small dipoles and half-wavelength dipoles.